All effective systems aim to minimize waste. Each step in the process should yield something beneficial, either immediately or in the future. The output of each phase ought to lay the groundwork for the subsequent phase.

The most challenging but also the most rewarding part of system are the borders between its components. The process must be designed in a way that facilitates the communication and transparency between its elements. The most interesting ideas and solutions are born at the edges.

The most effective systems incorporate elements that serve multiple functions, enhancing their value and efficiency. This principle is equally applicable to software development teams. When each team member is engaged in various activities, it not only boosts their engagement and efficiency but also facilitates smoother communication flow.

While it may be convenient to shut down and work in isolation, implementing feedback loops in the system is essential. There is a time for building, and a time for cleaning. Similarly, there's a time for planning and a time for reflecting on the work completed. Such a self-correcting system enables adaptation to changing environments and ensures that everyone is kept in the loop.

The patterns that everyone understands should be reusable at different levels within the system. Feedback loops can be applied at the level of an individual's work, as well as at the team level over the course of a few weeks. The same principle applies to patterns in software development.